"Siddhartha" is perhaps the most important and compelling moral allegory our troubled century has produced. Integrating Eastern and Western spiritual traditions with psychoanalysis and philosophy, this strangely simple tale, written with a deep and moving empathy for humanity, has touched the lives of millions since its original publication in 1922. Set in India, "Siddhartha" is the story of a young Brahmin's search for ultimate reality after meeting with the Buddha. His quest takes him from a life of decadence to asceticism, from the illusory joys of sensual love with a beautiful courtesan, and of wealth and fame, to the painful struggles with his son and the ultimate wisdom of renunciation.
《悉達多》講述了古印度貴族青年悉達多英俊聰慧，擁有人們羨慕的一切。為了追求心靈的安寧，他孤身一人展開了求道之旅。他在舍衛城聆聽佛陀喬答摩宣講教義，在繁華的大城中結識了名妓伽摩拉，並成為一名富商。心靈與肉體的享受達到頂峰，卻讓他對自己厭倦、鄙棄到極點。在與伽摩拉最後一次歡愛之後，他拋棄了自己所有世俗的一切，來到那河邊，想結束自己的生命。在那最絕望的一剎那，他突然聽到了生命之河永恆的聲音……經過幾乎一生的追求，悉達多終於體驗到萬事萬物的圓融統一，所有生命的不可摧毀的本性，並最終將自我融入了瞬間的永恆之中
Siddhartha is a 1922 novel by Hermann Hesse that deals with the spiritual journey of self-discovery of a man named Siddhartha during the time of the Gautama Buddha. The book, Hesse's ninth novel, was written in German, in a simple, lyrical style. It was published in the U.S. in 1951 and became influential during the 1960s. Hesse dedicatedSiddhartha to his wife Ninon ("Meiner Frau Ninon gewidmet ) and supposedly afterwards to Romain Rolland and Wilhelm Gundert.
The word Siddhartha is made up of two words in the Sanskrit language, siddha (achieved) + artha (what was searched for), which together means "he who has found meaning (of existence)" or "he who has attained his goals".n fact, the Buddha's own name, before his renunciation, was Siddhartha Gautama, Prince of Kapilvastu, Nepal. In this book, the Buddha is referred to as "Gotama"Hermann Hesse (German: [ˈhɛɐ̯man ˈhɛsə]; 2 July 1877 – 9 August 1962) was a German poet, novelist, and painter. His best-known works include Steppenwolf, Siddhartha, and The Glass Bead Game, each of which explores an individual's search for authenticity, self-knowledge and spirituality. In 1946, he received the Nobel Prize in Literature.
Biography
Family background
Hermann Karl Hesse was born on 2 July 1877 in the Black Forest town of Calw in Württemberg, German Empire. His parents served in India at a mission under the auspices of the Basel Mission, a Protestant Christian missionary society. Hesse's mother, Marie Gundert, was born at such a mission in India in 1842. In describing her own childhood, she said, "A happy child I was not..." As was usual among missionaries at the time, she was left behind in Europe at the age of four when her parents went to India.
Hesse's father, Johannes Hesse, the son of a doctor, was born in 1847 in the Estonian town of Paide (Weissenstein). In his own way, Dr Hesse was just as tyrannical as Dr Gundert.Johannes Hesse belonged to the German minority in the part of the Baltic region, which was then a part of the Russian Empire, thus his son Hermann was at birth both a citizen of theGerman Empire and the Russian Empire.Hesse had five siblings, but two of them died in infancy. In 1873, the Hesse family moved to Calw, where his father worked for the Calwer Verlagsverein, a publishing house specializing in theological texts and schoolbooks. Hesse's grandfather Hermann Gundert managed the publishing house at the time, and Johannes Hesse succeeded him in 1893.
赫爾曼·黑塞、或譯作赫曼·赫賽（Hermann Hesse，1877年7月2日－1962年8月9日），德國詩人、小說家。1946年獲得諾貝爾文學獎。
家庭背景
黑塞祖父一支是來自波羅的海國家，黑塞的父親約翰尼斯·黑塞出生在愛沙尼亞，擁有俄國國籍，後來作為傳教士曾在印度傳教，後因傳教才入了瑞士籍。約翰尼斯·黑塞不適應印度的生活，染上疾病，返回德國，在卡爾夫擔任赫爾曼·貢德爾特（即黑塞的外祖父）這個傳教士和印度學者的助手，從事出版行業。貢德爾特的女兒瑪麗（黑塞的母親）在前夫去世後帶著兩個兒子返回娘家，結識了小她4歲的約翰尼斯並於1874年二披婚紗。婚後第三年生下小黑塞。黑塞的父親知識淵博，聰慧過人，也具有很好的語言天賦，會說印地語，英語更是運用自如。母親則很會唱歌並擅長講故事。外祖母是瑞士人，會法語，而外祖父更是博學多才，會許多歐洲及亞洲語言，且有豐富藏書，黑塞很敬重、愛戴他的外祖父，長大後稱外祖父為「印度的智者和魔術師」、是「全知者」。在如此家庭氛圍中成長的黑塞，從小便接觸到充滿國際氣息的人事物，家裡也充滿了異國情調，這使得黑塞從小就立下目標要成為他父母那樣明朗、純潔、勝人一籌、生活有條理的人。
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